In this paper, unique distributive idea in the design methodology of antenna considering a constrained environment is presented. The design is carried out for aperture coupled microstrip antennas. The system parameters are evaluated and modeled to support the communication in extreme temperature constraints. The polarization is linear and working frequency is 2.4 GHz. The model is simulated on PCAAD. Design for aperture coupled patch antennas involve, ten design parameters under the constraints of bandwidth of operation. Resulting antenna structures are then simulated to find directivity and gain. Theoretical and practical values show good match. The simulated antenna can be [...]

The most common estimation algorithms used today for power system static and dynamic state estimation are the variants of Kalman filter (KF) like Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). These model based estimation algorithms are well known for their accuracies. However, it is a well known fact that EKF requires fine tuning and good initial guess for optimum performance. Moreover, these adaptive filters generally employed for estimation purposes require high computational power when it comes to real time estimation. Therefore, in this paper we propose a computationally light yet effective estimation algorithm based on state space model [...]

In this paper, an automatic segmentation method that detects lung boundaries and bypass the irrelevant information is presented. The automatic screening of chest radiographs is crucial for the rural areas where timely presence of expert radiologists is difficult. An automatic system can help save many lives. In digital image processing of chest radiographs, to detect abnormal indications, the system must be able to perform an accurate segmentation of lung area from an image because the major abnormal symptoms lies in the lung region. The designed system perform an automatic segmentation of lung region from chest radiographs through various stages such [...]

Crowd surveillance is an active topic ofresearch nowadays. Increased law and order situations have greatly alarmed the security organizations to improve security services in all the fields especially when security of crowd is brought under consideration. Crowd surveillance is different. In crowd there is congestion, noise and large number of people which are distributed in random manner which cause much difficulty for security officers. Therefore now crowds are scanned by cameras and are processed in computer for surveillance and for getting information of the scene. Many approaches have been proposed in this context. Keeping in view the complexity of scene [...]

Banks play the most important role in currency circulations almost everywhere in the world. Due to this reason, banks have become the target places of criminals. This paper proposes a solution for providing safe and healthy work environment to the personnel. The proposed security system is based on Digital Image Processing techniques. The idea is to detect the visual unconcealed weapons whenever they appear inside banks. The major problem in training any classifier is to select the appropriate features from the images so that the classifier can work with greater accuracy and efficiency. Through various research work and experiments, we [...]

In the past decade significant growth has been observed in security and assurance of information. Initially, cryptography was considered as the only appropriate approach for information security over the media. This is because at that time not very significant development occurred in Information and Communication Technology (ICT). But nowadays a tremendous growth of ICT is being observed and reported in literature. This opens a new era of steganography and steganalysis for information security and assurance. Steganography is the process of hiding data in an image. It significantly reduces the risk of information being stolen or sniffed. Steganalysis is the capability [...]

Due to its wide variety of applications, object detection has been the center of attention for researchers in the field of digital image processing and computer vision. When trained with the sample training dataset, various object classifiers can detect and classify the objects with prominent accuracy and precision. The major step in any of the object classification algorithm is feature selection. Performance of the classifier depends on robustness of the feature vector selected. This paper presents unconcealed gun detection method by using Boosted Cascade Classifier. The classifier was trained with two of the widely known feature types: Haar-like features and [...]

In this paper performance analysis of WSN based earthquake monitoring system is carried out using queuing theory. Queuing Theory has been used as an analyzing tool for any communication system. The WSN nodes transmit their data packets (obtained from the ground motion as input) to the centralized node/server which subsequently forwards the incoming data packets to the main station using backhaul link. While evaluating the performance, in this study we have considered two scenarios. In first scenario, the modeling of wireless channel (present between nodes and centralized node) is not taken into account, whereas in second scenario the wireless channel [...]

In Wireless Sensor Networks, the sensor nodes are battery powered small devices designed for long battery life. These devices also lack in terms of processing capability and memory. In order to provide high confidentiality to these resource constrained network nodes, a suitable security algorithm is needed to be deployed that can establish a balance between security level and processing overhead. The objective of this research work is to perform a security analysis and performance evaluation of recently proposed Secure Force algorithm. This paper shows the comparison of Secure Force 64, 128, and 192 bit architecture on the basis of avalanche [...]

This study investigates the potential usefulness of periwinkle shell as an alternative replacement of coarse aggregate in concrete work. The mechanical properties of concrete with fine and coarse aggregates components fully and partly replaced with lateritic sand and periwinkle shell was investigated. A working sample of one hundred and thirty five concrete cubes of 100mm dimensions were produced and cured in water for 7, 14 and 28 days. The fine aggregates and coarse aggregates were replaced with lateritic sand and periwinkle shells respectively at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 100%. The mix proportions adopted for this work was 1:1½:3, 1:2:4 [...]

Design and fabrication of resonant aperture coupled patch antennas at a particular frequency is a complex and difficult process because of the intrications involved in multilayer architecture. The design process requires correct formulations relating the output to input variables. In this paper we undertook the task to confront the design problems of electromagnetically aperture coupled patch antenna. Design methodology of antenna is presented taking all the parameters subjectively. The system parameters related to patch length and slot length are evaluated by CST and modeled to support the communication in extreme temperature constraints. For simulation, the polarization is linear and working [...]

The principal purpose behind this study was to investigate the effect of the variables "analyzing ability & age level" which incapacitates the sparing propensity of a singular and "current circumstances" which has a fragile acquaintanceship with sparing propensity of individuals. A self-made survey was used with the final objective of data gathering. Population for this examination was the individuals with medium level of wages and with the age furthest reaches of 40-55 from diverse associations of Pakistan. The assembled data was analyzed with the support of clear dismemberment, correlation examination, and the direct regression technique similarly. The finish of this [...]

Internet has procreated unpretentious petition for broadband facilities, foremost to extraordinary development in Internet Protocol (IP) data traffic. This huge data traffic is placing burden on shippers to evaluate their networks. A development beyond 56 Kb/s is not able to offer enough bandwidth for video on demand (VOD), shared gaming, IP telephony & video communication. An Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) is a scalable access complex technology that provide optical access path between a carrier office (CO) and customer’s site at a low-cost. In other words, EPON means the merger of Ethernet equipment and low cost fiber infrastructure at low [...]

The railway wheelset of vehicle has enormous importance in its dynamics and modeling point of view. The knowledge of pertaining dynamics for proper running of railway wheels over railway tracks affected by the disturbances is very essential. Hence it is necessary to model the rail-wheel contact patches properly to avoid detrimental accidents due to improper adhesion level based to relation of creep analysis. The yaw motion is one of three degrees of freedom which varies with other two degree of freedom in longitudinal and lateral dimensions. In this paper, these generated disturbances are estimated by using kalman filter algorithm to [...]